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| A black hole quasar. Credit: NASA |
Astronomers have been puzzled as to why they could not detect this cold star-forming gas in the most distant, and hence older, regions of the Universe. At such vast look-back times, astronomers expected the gas to be much more abundant as it has yet to be consumed by star formation.
Dr Stephen Curran, from the University of Sydney's School of Physics and CAASTRO – the ARC Centre for All-sky Astrophysics – and Dr Matthew Whiting, from CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, have addressed this problem by devising a model that shows how the supermassive black hole, lurking within the centre of each active galaxy, is able to ionise all of the surrounding gas even in the very largest galaxies.
When hydrogen gas is in this state, where the electron is ripped out of the atom, the gas it too agitated to allow the cloud to collapse and form stars. Also, when ionised, it cannot be detected through radio waves at 21-centimetres – the way cold star-forming gas is normally found.
Dr Curran and Dr Whiting's latest research, published in The Astrophysical Journal on 10 November 2012, shows that the extreme ultra-violet radiation given off by the material being sucked in – at near light-speeds – to the black hole, is sufficient to ionise all of the gas in even the very largest galaxies.
Source: Astrophysical Journal
Editor: Physorg
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